Complicações locais da terapia intravenosa periférica e fatores associados / Complicaciones locales de la terapia intravenosa periférica y factores asociados / Local complications of peripheral intravenous therapy and associated factors

RESUMO Introdução: A Terapia Intravenosa configura-se em importante procedimento terapêutico e diagnóstico, amplamente utilizada pela Enfermagem no cuidado hospitalar. Esse procedimento possui elevado risco em curto prazo, bem como a possibilidade de agravos secundários ligados as complicações derivadas dessa terapia. Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência e os fatores associados às complicações locais da terapia intravenosa periférica em pacientes institucionalizados em um setor de neurologia e clínica médica de um hospital público de ensino. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, exploratório e descritivo de abordagem quantitativa, com observação sistemática e busca em dados secundários disponíveis em prontuário de 63 pacientes institucionalizados num hospital público de ensino. Os dados foram coletados de janeiro a março de 2015 e submetidos a tratamento estatístico por meio do programa Statistical Package of Social Sciences, versão 19.0. Resultados: A prevalência de flebite foi de 25,4 porcento, infiltração de 15,9 porcento e 11,1 porcento de hematoma. A maioria dos pacientes do estudo encontrava-se em terapia no intervalo máximo de 48 horas. No momento da observação, os cateteres estavam em sua maioria conectados ao polifix (n=58; 92,1 porcento). Quanto aos sintomas identificou-se edema, dor, desconforto e eritema ao redor da inserção do cateter em 16 (25,4 porcento) dos participantes. Conclusão: A prevalência de complicações da terapia intravenosa foi elevada, com destaque para a flebite, infiltração e hematoma. Houve diferenças entre as taxas de prevalência por clinicas, relacionadas ao intervalo de trocas, e ao tipo de cateter periférico inserido(AU)

RESUMEN Introducción: La terapia intravenosa es un importante procedimiento terapéutico y diagnóstico, ampliamente utilizado por la enfermería en la atención hospitalaria. Este procedimiento tiene un alto riesgo a corto plazo y la posibilidad de complicaciones relacionadas con problemas de salud secundarios derivados de esta terapia. Objetivo: Identificar la prevalencia y los factores asociados con complicaciones locales de la terapia intravenosa periférica en pacientes institucionalizados en un departamento de neurología clínica y clínica médica de un hospital público de enseñanza. Métodos: Estudio transversal, exploratorio y descriptivo, de enfoque cuantitativo, con observación sistemática y búsqueda en los datos secundarios disponibles en las historias clínicas de 63 pacientes institucionalizados en un hospital público de enseñanza. Los datos fueron recogidos de enero a marzo 2015 y sometidos a análisis estadístico utilizando el paquete estadístico para las ciencias sociales, versión 19.0. Resultados: La prevalencia de flebitis fue de 25,4 por ciento, la infiltración del 15,9 por ciento y el hematoma de 11,1 por ciento. La mayoría de los pacientes del estudio se encontraba en terapia en el intervalo máximo de 48 horas. En el momento de la observación, los catéteres fueron en su mayoría conectados con polifix (n = 58; 92,1 por ciento). Se identificó edema, dolor, malestar y eritema alrededor de la inserción del catéter en 16 (25,4 por ciento) de los participantes. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de complicaciones de la terapia intravenosa fue alta, especialmente flebitis, infiltración y hematoma. Hubo diferencias entre las tasas de prevalencia de las clínicas, en relación con el intervalo de cambio y tipo de catéter periférico(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: The Intravenous Therapy sets in important therapeutic and diagnosis procedure, widely used by nursing profesionals in a hospital care. This procedure has a high risk in short term and the possibility of secondary complications related to health problems derived from this therapy. Objective: To identify the prevalence and associated factors to local complications of peripheral intravenous therapy in patients institutionalized in a medical clinic and neurological department of a public teaching hospital. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, exploratory and descriptive study, with a quantitative approach with systematic observation and search on secondary data, available in the medical records of 63 patients institutionalized in a public teaching hospital. Data were collected from January to March 2015 and submitted to statistical analysis using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 19.0. Results: The prevalence of phlebitis was 25.4 percent, of infiltration 15.9 percent and 11.1 percent of hematoma. Most patients in the study were in therapy at the maximum interval of 48 hours. At the time of observation, the catheters were mostly connected to polifix (n = 58; 92.1 percent). Regarding specific symptoms were identified edema, pain, discomfort and erythema around the catheter insertion in 16 (25.4 percent) participants. Conclusion: The prevalence of complications of intravenous therapy was high, especially phlebitis, infiltration and hematoma. There were differences between the prevalence rates for clinics, related to the exchange intervals, and type of peripheral inserted catheter(AU)

Indicadores de calidad en la terapia intravenosa / Analysis of quality indicators in intravenous therapy

RESUMEN Introducción: Los eventos adversos son comunes durante el uso de la terapia intravenosa, pueden causar daño al paciente y contribuir a agravar el estado de salud y la estancia hospitalaria prolongada. Además, al proporcionar acceso directo a la corriente sanguínea, los eventos adversos relacionados con la terapia intravenosa pueden tener repercusiones más graves y perjudiciales. Objetivo: Analizar indicadores de calidad relacionados con la atención de salud en la terapia intravenosa en un hospital público y de enseñanza. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo-exploratorio, transversal realizado en un hospital público, de enseñanza. Para recopilar datos se utilizó una forma adaptada compuesta por 03 indicadores: identificación de acceso venoso periférico, la identificación de goteo intravenoso para botellas de infusión y la identificación de suero y control de la velocidad de infusión de las soluciones. La muestra, intencional, consistió en 94 participantes. Resultados: Se realizaron 1 355 observaciones. De éstas, 439 fueron el acceso venoso periférico, 463 de los catéteres para la infusión intravenosa de 453 botellas de suero y medicamentos. La validez de un acceso venoso periférico, basado solo en accesos identificados correctamente, fue el único cuyo resultado de calidad de la atención (QA) era deseable (100 por ciento) y segura (83,3 por ciento); todos los demás mostraron QA mal (< 70 por ciento). Conclusión: Los resultados encontrados en este estudio están por debajo del deseado para que una asistencia de calidad en terapia intravenosa sea garantizada. La calidad de la atención en la terapia intravenosa es mucho menor que la recomendada(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Adverse events are common during use of intravenous therapy can cause damage to the patient, and contribute to worsening health status and prolonged hospital stay. In addition, by providing direct access to the bloodstream, adverse events related to intravenous therapy may be more serious and harmful repercussions. Objective: To analyze the quality indicators related to health care in intravenous therapy in an extension public research teaching hospital. Methods: Descriptive and exploratory, cross-sectional study in a public hospital, teaching. For data collection, it was used an adapted form composed of 03 following indicators: identification of peripheral venous access, equipment used for intravenous infusion, serum bottles, and speed control of infusion solutions. The intentional sample was consisted of 94 participants. Results: 1355 observations were done.In these observations, 439 were of peripheral venous access, 463 of equipment used for intravenous infusion, 453 of serum bottles and medicine. Based only on properly identified access, the validity of peripheral venous access was the only one whose result of quality of care (QA) was desirable (100 percent) and safe (83,3 percent), all the others showed QA poorly (< 70 percent). Conclusions: The results found in this study are below desired for quality care in intravenous therapy is ensured. The quality of care in intravenous therapy is very lower than recommended(AU)

Surgical site infections in women and their association with clinical conditions

Introduction Surgical site infections (SSIs) can affect body tissues, cavities, or organs manipulated in surgery and constitute 14% to 16% of all infections. This study aimed to determine the incidence of SSIs in women following their discharge from a gynecology outpatient clinic, to survey different types of SSIs among women, and to verify the association of SSIs with comorbidities and clinical conditions. Methods Data were collected via analytical observation with a cross-sectional design, and the study was conducted in 1,026 women who underwent gynecological surgery in a teaching hospital in the municipality of Teresina, in the northeast Brazilian State of Piauí, from June 2011 to March 2013. Results The incidence of SSIs after discharge was 5.8% among the women in the outpatient clinic. The most prevalent surgery among the patients was hysterectomy, while the most prevalent type of SSI was superficial incisional. Comorbidities in women with SSIs included cancer, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Conclusions Surveillance of SSIs during the post-discharge period is critical for infection prevention and control. It is worth reflecting on the planning of surgical procedures for patients who have risk factors for the development of SSIs. .